What is Programming?
Basically, programming is the process of designing and creating an executable computer program to get required or specific computing results. But before programming, you should know
What is a program?
So, a computer program is a collection of instructions that can be executed by a computer to perform a specific task and the collection of computer programs is known as software.
Programming also includes analysis and generating algorithms, testing, debugging, and maintenance of code of the program. Now, the programs are written in programming languages. Let's understand
What is the programming language?
A programming language is a formal language that is used to make computer programs. Most programming language consists of instruction for the computer. A programmer writes the source code text in the programming language to create a program. All the programming languages has there own syntax and rules.
Types of Programming Language
There are many types of programming language. Most of the language falls in more than one type. The following can be the type of programming language:
- High Level or Low Level
High-Level languages are the languages that are closer to human language. These languages are easy to read, understand, and maintain. The source code written in the high-level language is converted into machine-understandable code by compiler or interpreter.C, C++, etc are the example of this type.
Low-Level languages are the languages that are considered to be closer to the computer. This type of language deals with computer hardware's component and constraint Programs and applications written in a low-level language is directly executable on the computing hardware without any interpretation or translation. Assembly is an example of this type of language.
- Declarative or Imperative
The declarative language also knows as nonprocedural language. In this type of language, the focus is made on what is to be done rather than how it is to be done. In another simple word in this language, a programmer defines what a program does instead of telling how to do this. Means achieving output is main rather than how to achieve it.
It has further two types
- Functional - A program consists of a collection of functions. A function computes and returns a value. Ex- LISP, ML, etc.
- Logical - In this, the program only explains what is to be computed and not how it is to be computed. Ex- Prolog.
Imperative language is a language in which the focus is made upon how the work is to be done rather than what is to be done. In this language, a program describes the sequence of the steps that change the computer's state. The program starts from the initial stage goes through transitions and reaches a final stage.
It has further two types
- Procedural - It is a statement oriented programming language. In this, the execution is program is based on the series of the state of the variable locations. Ex- Cobol, C, etc.
- Object-Oriented - This type of language is centered on the concept of the object. Everything is focused on objects. It is basically related to the real world. Ex- Java, C++. etc
- Functional - A program consists of a collection of functions. A function computes and returns a value. Ex- LISP, ML, etc.
- Logical - In this, the program only explains what is to be computed and not how it is to be computed. Ex- Prolog.
- Procedural - It is a statement oriented programming language. In this, the execution is program is based on the series of the state of the variable locations. Ex- Cobol, C, etc.
- Object-Oriented - This type of language is centered on the concept of the object. Everything is focused on objects. It is basically related to the real world. Ex- Java, C++. etc
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